How energy is derived

The coefficient table, the arithmetic, and the rules: why ranges are kept, why midpoints are refused, and why a per-gram figure must never be applied to millilitres.

Every energy figure on this site is computed from an ingredient list and a table of coefficients. None is typed in. This page is the table, the arithmetic, and the rules that govern both.

Every coefficient is a planning figure

Not one is a laboratory analysis. They are reference-derived values with a declared margin, and the source document says so itself: these figures must not be published as menu declarations without re-verification against a facility's own supplier data. The declared margins are ±15% on energy and ±30% on caffeine.

A worked example, line by line

An iced latte with condensed milk, at the quantities the recipe states. Redo it with a calculator and you will land on the same number.

Espresso36 ml × 0.031.08
Sweetened condensed milk20 ml × 4.182.00
Whole milk 3.5%180 ml × 0.64115.20
Ice100 g × 00.00
Total198.28
Rounded for publication200

Rounding rule: to the nearest 5 kcal below 100, to the nearest 10 at or above.

Why ranges stay ranges

A published range is a statement about how much a product varies between suppliers. Replacing it with its centre discards that statement and replaces it with a precision nobody measured.

So a midpoint is refused everywhere: in the parser, in the accumulation, in the renderer, and in the filters. A figure that reads 285 where the source said 250 to 320 is indistinguishable from one somebody weighed.

When a drink has several ranged ingredients, the bounds are summed separately: the low total is the sum of the lows, the high total the sum of the highs. The components are proportional rather than independent, so the relative width stays roughly constant as ingredients are added — a latte computes to about ±10%, a flavoured latte to about ±11%.

A range that crosses a band boundary is never placed on one side. It is reported as straddling and carries a marker. Somebody avoiding drinks above a threshold must not be shown one whose upper bound is above it because its centre was not.

When a range is wide

Above ±25% relative width the reader is told which ingredient made it wide. A wide range without its cause is an apology; with its cause it names the one measurement that would narrow it.

The trap: mass against volume

A coefficient is per 100 ml or per 100 g, never both, and applying one to the other is wrong silently. Honey is the case to remember: at roughly 1.42 g per ml, a per-100-g figure used against millilitres understates a sweet drink by about 42%.

This is not a rare edge. Of the material figures on this site, 36 are stated per volume and 34 per mass — half the corpus meeting the other half.

So a basis mismatch is refused rather than converted. There is no density table here, and inventing one to bridge the gap would be inventing the figure.

The coefficient table

Read directly from the data the pages compute with. If a value here is wrong, every figure derived from it is wrong in the same direction, which is why it is published rather than buried.

Ingredient classCoefficientUnitNote
Standard flavoured syrup (60-65 °Bx)3.3kcal/mlالقيمة الافتراضية لكل شراب ما لم يُنص خلافه
Pure cane sugar syrup (1:1)3.2kcal/ml
Commercial diluted agave syrup3.2kcal/mlالرحيق النقي 4.3 kcal/ml
Honey4.3kcal/mlكثافة 1.42
Sugar-free syrup0.1kcal/mlيُعلن «بدون سكر مضاف» لا «صفر سعرات»
Unsweetened flavour concentrate0.3kcal/ml
Citrus juice concentrate0.6kcal/ml
Balanced cordial2.6kcal/ml
Sweetened fruit purée1kcal/ml
Unsweetened fruit purée0.5kcal/ml
Caramel or chocolate sauce3kcal/ml
White chocolate sauce3.4kcal/ml
Frappé base powder4kcal/g
Hot chocolate powder4kcal/g
Raw cocoa powder2.3kcal/g
Matcha powder3.2kcal/g
Whole milk 3.5%0.64kcal/ml
Semi-skimmed milk 1.5%0.47kcal/ml
Skimmed milk0.35kcal/ml
Oat drink, barista0.59kcal/ml
Almond drink, unsweetened0.15kcal/mlنسخة الباريستا 0.28
Soy drink, unsweetened0.36kcal/ml
Coconut drink, barista0.24kcal/ml
Canned full-fat coconut milk2kcal/ml
Coconut cream3.3kcal/ml
Liquid whipping cream 35%3.4kcal/ml
Whipped cream, as served1kcal/mlبعد إدخال الهواء
Sweetened condensed milk4.1kcal/ml
Greek yoghurt, full fat0.97kcal/gزبادي عادي 0.61
Vanilla ice cream2kcal/gالمغرفة ≈ 50 g ≈ 100 kcal
Espresso0.03kcal/mlمهمل عملياً
Filter coffee or plain cold brew0.01kcal/ml
Plain tea and herbal infusion0kcal/ml
Plain water and soda0kcal/ml
Tonic water0.34kcal/ml
Ginger ale0.38kcal/ml
Alcohol-free ginger beer0.48kcal/ml
Cola soft drink0.42kcal/ml
Fresh orange juice0.45kcal/ml
Apple juice0.46kcal/ml
Pineapple juice0.53kcal/ml
White grape juice0.6kcal/ml
Sweetened cranberry juice0.46kcal/ml
Grapefruit juice0.39kcal/ml
Lemon or lime juice0.24kcal/ml
Watermelon juice0.3kcal/ml
Carrot juice0.4kcal/ml
Tomato juice0.17kcal/ml
Coconut water0.19kcal/ml
Banana, peeled0.89kcal/gثمرة متوسطة ≈ 120 g ≈ 107 kcal
Avocado1.6kcal/gنصف ثمرة ≈ 70 g ≈ 112 kcal
Fresh mixed berries0.5kcal/g
Fresh strawberries0.32kcal/g
Peanut butter5.9kcal/gملعقة كبيرة ≈ 16 g ≈ 94 kcal
Spiced biscuit spread5.7kcal/g
Crisp caramel biscuit5kcal/gالقطعة ≈ 5.5 g ≈ 28 kcal
Granola4.5kcal/g
Shelled nuts6kcal/g
Marshmallow3.2kcal/g
Pitted date2.8kcal/gالتمرة ≈ 8 g ≈ 22 kcal
Ice0kcalلا يُحسب، لكنه يُخفف ويجب ذكره في الحجم

Replacing a planning figure with a measured one

A planning figure is a placeholder for a measurement nobody has taken yet. Three steps replace it:

  1. Read the value off the product label in front of you, with its own basis — per 100 ml or per 100 g, as the label states it, not as this site states it.
  2. Record it against the material with its source, so the next reader can see where it came from. A figure without its origin is a planning figure again, whatever it is labelled.
  3. Every drink containing that material recomputes. Nothing is edited by hand, because nothing was written by hand.

The recommended maximum caffeine intake for adults is 400 mg per day.

© 2026 Mostafa Aly · Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

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